Autism Therapy: cognitive

definition of cognitive: Associated with memory, analysis, and problem-solving skills.

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Journal of ECT, by Nilsson, BM, and Ekselius L., published in 2009, summarized Jul 15, 2010

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) may be helpful for people with autism who suffer from severe mental health issues that do not respond to other treatments.

Many people with autism also have other mental health issues such as bipolarity and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). This case study describes the use of ECT to treat a 38 year old man with autism who suffered from prolonged and severe obsessive-compulsive symptoms as well as hypochondria. The man did not respond to drug therapy or cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). The patient’s health was restored after ECT.


J Autism Dev Disorder, by Wood, JJ, Drahota A., Sze K., Dyke Van M., Decker K., Fujii C., Bahng C., and Renno P., published in 2009, summarized Apr 15, 2010

Core autism symptoms such as social communication deficits may be improved by cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).

Social communication problems have proven hard to change through social skills training. This pilot study was designed to see the effect of a CBT program on parent-reported core autism symptoms. The study had 19 children (7 to 11 years old) with high-functioning autism who received 16 sessions of CBT. The CBT program focused on children’s emotion regulation, on-site social coaching, parent training, and school support. The authors found that parent-reported autism symptoms were lower in the CBT group than in the waitlist control group.


Annual Reviews of Medicine, by Geschwind, DH, published in 2009, summarized Feb 5, 2010

Autism is not a single disorder but rather a range of conditions, and therapy targeted to the specific subtypes of autism may be helpful for people with autism.

People with autism may have a wide range of symptoms. The author believes that autism symptoms may arise for different reasons in different people. Risks for autism may include genetic factors. Gene mutations have been found in about 10 to 20% of autism cases, but there are a variety of genes involved. Behavioral and cognitive therapies may work best when they are designed to meet the needs of the child.  In the future, therapies that target specific genes may also be helpful.


Child: Care, Health and Development, by Rickards, AL, Walstab JE, Wright-Rossi RA, Simpson J., and Reddihough DS, published in 2009, summarized Feb 1, 2010

Home-based therapy for children with autism may be most helpful for cognitive and language skills.

Preschool children with autism in this study (59 children, 3 to 5 years old) attended special intervention centers and also received additional home-based services. There were 40 home visits over 1 year. This study asked whether improvements in cognitive skills and behaviors were still present one year after intervention was stopped. Improvements in cognitive and language skills lasted, but improvements in behavior did not. The authors said that children from more highly-stressed families benefited the most.


Laura Fehr is a music therapist who has opened her own practice in North Dakota to work with children with autism and other special needs. Fehr, who uses music to work on non-music skills, such as social interaction and communication, says, “Music therapy works because music is processed everywhere in the brain.” She believes that every person has music in them; “everyone knows some sort of music.” Before Fehr begins a music therapy program, she assesses a child’s social skills, motor skills, cognitive skills, and communication abilities. She then sets client-specific goals and reassesses every three months.

Read original article: Music Therapy Graduate Brings Her Services to Bismarck


Paul O’Donoghue, an Irish clinical psychologist, has written an article highlighting a study on use of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for kids with autism and other developmental delays. O’Donoghue first explains the difference between evidence-based therapy and alternative therapies. He then goes on to discuss a study using a computer game to teach evidence-based CBT to children who “otherwise find the usual therapeutic process boring or difficult.” Dr Gary O’Reilly of the School of Psychology at UCD led a team to develop a game that would provide feedback to behaviors in an attempt to increase positive behaviors and decrease negative ones. The game allows the children to visit a place called Gnattenborough’s Island where they are introduced to the main character, David Gnattenborough, who acts as a guide. The kids learn to recognize and deal with different emotions, for example, NATS (Negative Automatic Thoughts). The training is generic, but children keep a personalized diary on their progress. A CBT-trained therapist leads the game.


Civitan International Research Center (CIRC) and University of Alabama Birmingham (UAB) have been working together for 20 years to develop cognitive solutions for a variety of disabilities including autism. CIRC has produced research that has led to programs such as Head Start. Using the research and knowledge of 83 principal investigators, CIRC is able to report on gains in helping at risk kids, its ability to adapt to the disease environment as it changes, and investigate new disorders. At the autism clinic, services include diagnostic evaluations, outpatient therapy, and social skills group. Another product of CIRC research is ACQUIREc, a form of constraint-induced movement therapy, which helps children who have central nervous system damage improve movement skills.

Read original article: Cognitive Disability Breakthroughs Continue at CIRC


The Rocky Mountain Autism Center (RMAC) has moved to a new larger space in Lone Tree, CO. Dr. Pat Rydell, the director believes that children with autism can grow into socially integrated adults. RMAC focuses on increasing cognitive flexibility; they prompt kids to interact with each other and with the larger world outside the center. In addition to one-on-one therapy, RMAC includes the entire family in therapy and the center contains large rooms to accommodate family interaction. In addition, RMAC encourages families to continue therapy at home to achieve maximum results.

Read original article: Autism Center Opens in Lone Tree



Please comment on this autism topic.

Responding to neurofeedback

Feb 1, 2011 by Anonymous

I used neurofeedback for my daughter for about a year, when she was 14. She was gong though a lot of changes at the time, very anxious. She also has other disabilities a deletion of the short arm of chromosome 4, celebral palsy and has had a stroke she walks with a limp after intensive therapy for many years. We used Conductive Education, a Hungarian technique for children with motor disorders.

The results of NFB were-she was more verbal after NFB and surprisingly her balance, gait and ability to move around improved noticeably. She also had noticeable changes in cognitive behaviour and ability to communicate.

Unfortunately she decided she no longer wanted to stay hooked up to the electrodes and TV and we had to abandon the treatment. We are using acupuncture at present, along with Neurolink, massage and homeopathy. She is now aged 20 years.


Music dance

Mar 8, 2010 by john-smith

I have good news for you, Richie and others, inquiring about the use of dance/movement therapy with autistic individuals. I am a dance therapist in Austin TX and there is plenty of valuable use of dance, movement and rhythm for individuals with autism. The concepts are that a person is not merely his/her brain; obviously we are connected through mind, body, and spirit. Therefore if a person can connect with another through movement, then behavioral and cognitive change can result if the neurological patterns are stimulated through dance and movement. Of course, dance is a form of self-expression and release, as well. Engaging in dance and movement can help in that manner, whether it is dancing with the therapist or creating a form of self-expression and having the therapist guide the movement patterns into another shape, rhythm, or form to encourage a different behavior or thought process. Btw It's really nice to discuss with you. I am happy but now I am collecting the php for my friends and other persons. Because I my aim to provide best and knowledgeable material. And I hope you will also like and help me to continue this


Since very little information is provided here on CBT (though you can certainly find alot from searching the web) I thought I would add some. I am not very knowledgeable about autism so I am not sure how effective a treatment CBT would be. It would require the client to be able to process ideas and have some basic self-awareness of his/her thinking - i.e., they need to be able to think about their thinking.

The reason for this is that in CBT, one examines, with the help of a skilled teacher (CBT is largely a learning experience), one's habits of thinking going down to one's fundamental attitudes and beliefs. I think that all of us have some thought patterns and attitudes that are not helpful (some schools of CBT call them irrational). With the help of the teacher, the client learns which of his/her thoughts, beliefs and attitudes are helpful and which are harmful. They then work on practicing changing the harmful ones to more helpful ones. Since behavior is largely a function of our thinking, one would expect the behavior to change as a result, and that is the idea but we must remember that we have been practicing our thinking and behavior pattens for a long time and they don't usually just change suddenly. It's easier to change the thoughts first and then practice with the feelings and behaviors until they begin to feel as natural as the old less functional ones did.

If the autism is not so bad that the client cannot do this kind of mental processing I imagine CBT could be very helpful, especially in combination with other therapies. The hardest thing I have found is locating a good CBT therapist. My experience comes from the Albert Ellis - Maxie Maultsby school of CBT that whent by many similar names. Ellis began calling his method RET for Rational Emotive Therapy. Maultsby modified RET to make it easier to use by lay groups and for self-counseling and called his RBT for Rational Behavioral Therapy. While I and many people I know found RBT extremely beneficial and also teachable to others, it never caught on. Currently Dr. Aldo Pucci is carrying on the RBT tradition with his Rational Living Therapy and CBT itself has become a respected form of therapy, though there is no clear definition and you will find many different types of therapists who call themselves CBT therapists. In my opinion, good CBT is systematic, makes sure it goes to the heart of the clients thought and attitude patterns, successfully helps the client challenge and change unhelpful or irrational thinking patterns and attitudes and prescribes practice that will make those changes stick. Again my opinion, the CBT therapist has to know his/her method very well and have applied it successfully to themselves. This is not a do as I say, not as I do approach! So if you use a CBT therapist and after a few sessions it doesn't seem to be working, don't assume CBT won't work. It may be the therapist so see if you can find a better one.

Good luck with CBT

Robin Alexander, www.transthought.org


Free Sound Therapy Home Programme

Jan 21, 2010 by Anonymous

Dr. Alfred Tomatis, a French otolaryngologist, is recognised as the modern day originator of sound or music therapy. In the early 1950's he developed an effective therapy method using altered music to treat conditions such as auditory processing disorder, dyslexia, attention deficit disorder and autism. Another French doctor, Dr. Guy Bérard, developed a similar method, Auditory Integration Training (AIT), which has found many followers in the USA. From personal experience I know that many clients report improvements in understanding, speech, balance, behaviour and emotional well-being after just two or three weeks of daily sound therapy.

 Sensory Activation Solutions (SAS) is an organisation with Centres in the U.K. and Turkey that provides a unique service for children and adults that face learning or developmental difficulties. When the established educational, psychological or medical services fail to provide adequate support, the SAS methodology often can provide practical solutions that result in noticeable improvements in daily life.

 You may be interested to check out their Free Sound Therapy Home Programme. Their Auditory Activation Method builds on the pioneering work of Dr. Tomatis and Dr. Bérard and has been specifically developed with the aim to improve sensory processing, interhemispheric integration and cognitive functioning. It has helped many children and adults with a wide range of difficulties, ranging from dyslexia and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder to sensory processing disorders and autism. It is not a cure or medical intervention, but a structured training programme that can help alleviate some of the debilitating effects that these conditions can have on speech and physical ability, daily behaviour, emotional well-being and educational or work performance.

 There is no catch, it's absolutely free and most importantly often effective. Check it out at: http://www.sascentre.com/uk/uk_free.html.

 





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