Autism Therapy: fluency

definition of fluency: Ability to speak, write, or communicate effectively with ease.

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International Journal of Behavioral Consultation and Therapy, by Fienup, DM, and Doepke K., published in 2008, summarized Apr 9, 2009

Discrete trial training may help students with autism learn to give fluent answers.

This study looked at the effect of rewards on building fluent response in a student with autism. The intervention worked and taught the elementary school-aged student to give many fluent responses. The student learned rather quickly (4 months) how to give fluent responses. The study was designed to allow the authors to make causal statements about the intervention. The study was limited because it had only one student and no formal data were collected on how well the intervention was done.


Intervention in School and Clinic, by Kubina, RM, and Yurich KKL, published in 2009, summarized Mar 4, 2009

Practice routines that are designed specifically for a child with autism may improve behavior and school performance.

People practice skills in order to become fluent at those skills. Research shows that elite athletes require at least ten years of intense practice to reach their level of skill. The link between active practice and getting better is strong in most fields of research. This paper describes a model for teaching children with autism to perform a certain behavior quickly and correctly (behavior fluency). Fluency means that the children have better recall, are less fatigued, and can better apply learned behavior to more advanced skills.


Focus on Autistic Behavior, by Gray, CA, and Garand JD, published in 1993, summarized Oct 21, 2006

In this article, one of the proponents and originators of the use of social stories describes social stories and how they can help improve the behavior and learning of children with autism.

Using brief, simple descriptions of everyday social situations, social stories are used to teach children key information about social behavior that they might not pick up from daily experience. When writing a social story, the authors emphasize that it is crucial to use language at the childâ??s level of comprehension. Also, social stories should be written from the childâ??s point of view. It is important not to be too literal; the authors give the example that â??I will not talk in the libraryâ? could result in confusion when the child needs to ask a librarian a question. â??I will speak in a whisper in the libraryâ? is a better sentence. As the social story is read to the child and the childâ??s behavior begins to change, the story should be changed as necessary. If it becomes clear that a story has missed an important step in a behavior, the step can be made into an additional sentence in the story, and the story can be re-read to the child. The authors give several examples of social stories helping to reduce problem behaviors, make everyday social interactions more fluent, and teach academic skills.


The Behavior Analyst, by Binder, C., published in 1996, summarized Oct 19, 2006

This article is summarized in a chart that explains factors that prevent and promote fluency (learning a behavior until it becomes second nature). Fluency is promoted by: sufficient practice, self-paced learning, many response opportunities per minute, treating errors as â??learning opportunities,â? and providing many examples.

Behavioral fluency focuses on how a learned behavior can become second nature. In the behavioral fluency approach, a complex skill is broken down into parts, and each part is taught until the student becomes fluent in it. Then the parts are combined until the student becomes fluent in the whole behavior. The behavioral fluency approach developed from the realization that it is not enough for a child to be able to perform a task well, but with a great deal of effort. That same child will have likely have difficulty performing that same task within a series of more complex behaviors. The author also notes that students who are asked to perform tasks in which they are not yet fluent can display inappropriate or aggressive behavior when the duration of practice is too long. This led to the realization that practice times should be shorter for more difficult tasks.


This article focuses on a new study using the drug propranolol to help increase social skills and language in people with autism. Propranolol is typically used to treat high blood pressure, control heart rate, and reduce test anxiety. Dr. David Beversdorf, MU Thompson Center for Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, and his group are the first to study the potential benefits of this drug on autism in a controlled manner. They believe the drug acts on the brains of people with autism to assist in language and communication. In earlier studies, researchers discovered that propranolol helped with word unscrambling and word fluency. In follow-up studies, Beversdorf hopes to be able to discover who with autism will respond favorably to the drug.

Read original article: Promising Drug Treatment for Improving Language, Social Function in People with Autism


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