Autism Therapy: melatonin

definition of melatonin: Hormone naturally produced by a gland in the brain called the pineal gland. Melatonin is important for regulating sleep and other body functions. Melatonin can cause a feeling of sleepiness.

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Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, by Mayes, SD, and Calhoun SL, published in 2009, summarized Sep 16, 2010

Children with autism often have sleep problems, and therapies such as behavior therapy (applied behavior analysis [ABA]) and melatonin may be helpful in treating these sleep problems.

The goals of this study were to see what types of children with autism also have sleep problems and to see how often parents of children with autism reported sleep problems. More than half of children with autism have parents who reported sleep problems. The study showed that many children with autism have sleep problems and that sleep problems are worse in children with more severe autism. Children who were on drugs (melatonin, clonidine, and diphenhydramine) to treat sleep problems had greater sleep problems than children who did not seek treatment. In most cases children with autism slept fewer (not more) hours than children without autism.


Swiss Med Weekly, by Galli-Carminati, G., Deriaz N., and Bertschy G., published in 2009, summarized Aug 5, 2010

Melatonin may be a safe and effective treatment for sleep disorders in adults with autism.

Sleep problems are common during the childhood of people with autism and often persist as the children age into adults. Some research suggests that these sleep problems are the result of people with autism not having enough melatonin in their body. This retrospective study describes the use of melatonin (3-9 mg each evening) to treat sleep problems in six adults with autism. The authors found that melatonin helped to both induce and maintain sleep. The authors did not observe any side effects in their patients.


Child Adolesc Psychiatric Clin N Am., by Johnson, KP, Giannotti F., and Cortesi F., published in 2009, summarized Feb 23, 2010

Behavioral therapy and melatonin may both be helpful children with autism who have sleep problems.

This review article describes the sleep problems that are common in children with autism. The first line treatment in children with autism is to improve sleep hygiene. After that, behavioral treatment such as teaching new sleep behavior in small steps may be helpful. While there are no drugs approved for the treatment of sleep problems in children, the supplement melatonin may be helpful. Some scientists believe that melatonin therapy helps because children with autism do not make enough melatonin on their own.


Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, by Golnik, AE, and Ireland M., published in 2009, summarized Jan 8, 2010

Some physicians may recommend complementary alternative medicine (CAM) therapies for children with autism.

A survey was offered to 3,100 pediatricians and family medicine practitioners, and about 1 out of 5 responded to the survey (539 physicians). The survey showed that 49% of the doctors encouraged multi-vitamin therapy for children with autism. And 19 to 25% of them encouraged essential fatty acids (EFAs), melatonin, and probiotics as therapy for autism. Physicians discouraged parents from using some therapies. Therapies that were discouraged include chelation (61%), anti-infection treatments (57%), and secretin (43%). Many of the doctors (76%) also urged immunizations according to the recommended schedule. The authors said that doctors may want to ask families about therapies that families might be using, even if the parents do not bring up the topic.


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Responding to Tenex - Intuniv (guanfacine)

Sep 30, 2011 by Anonymous

We've used Tenex since my son was almost 4 in combination with Abilify (which we recently stopped). He is 8 now and weighs 125 lbs and is almost 5ft tall.. It has been amazing in helping him with the hyperactivity without sedating him or him a zombie. We tried the extended release version (Intuniv) but my son processes things very quickly and it didnt work well for us. We have found that giving him 1mg 2x per day and 2mg at bedtime with Melatonin (5mg) have increased his sleep. One thing to note about Melatonin is that it can cause night terrors so if thats happening you may need to switch to something else. Im not sure that using benadryl long term is good for our kids but you do what works and the dr is ok with. We also keep on hand ativan (he tends to have issues with anxiety ie drs appts, grocery shopping etc.) and clonazepam for long trips and severe aggression. The ativan and clonazepam are used sparingly. My son knows what his meds are, what they are for and can tell us if he needs something (he is rx'ed the tenex for am, lunch and bed but if he doesnt need it then he doesnt take the noon dose). Its been a long road to get him from non-verbal to verbal (still some delays but he can hold a conversation) and is now actaully quite social. His medications help allow him to be who he really is and dont just mask the problems that he has.


Autism Spectrum Disorder

Nov 20, 2006 by Anonymous

We are battling the beast of sleep, no sleep to be exact. I have a 46 lb. ,4yr old boy who is on guanfacine 1 mg 3x's a day. We have cut out all naps during the day and added 3 mg of melatonin and 12.5 mg of benadril at night This is giving him 4 hrs of sleep. He wakes ready for the day (by Dr. advice) we repeat right away and it takes 3-4 hrs to return to sleep and again about 4 hrs is what he gets. This of course is interupted by what we think are nightmares. Crying ,kicking, thrashing and is not able to be awaken from them. Is there any other ideas????? Thanks, Austinsmom



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