Autism Therapy: pressure

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Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, by Cox, AL, Gast DL, Luscre D., and Ayres K., published in 2009, summarized Mar 31, 2009

Applied behavior analysis (ABA) therapy may be more helpful than weighted vests in keeping children with autism calm and in their seats.

Sensory therapies are one common occupational therapy approach to the treatment of autism. The study was designed to see if the use of weighted vests during a group activity would increase the amount of time that three school-aged children with autism would stay in their seats. The children were all diagnosed as having autism by three different people using different diagnostic tools. The deep pressure of the weighted vests did not help the children in this study remain calm, focused, and in their seats. The authors call for more research to see if these sensory integration therapies are able to help children in the classroom.


Brain & Development, by Ming, X., Gorden E., Kang N., and Wagner GC, published in 2008, summarized Sep 15, 2008

Clonidine may help with sleep and mood problems in children with autism.

Clonidine acts on the brainstem and decreases heart rate and blood pressure. Clonidine also seems to help with sleep problems and behavior problems such as aggression, mood problems, and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). More and more doctors are giving clonidine to children. This open label study was designed to see if the drug clonidine was able to help with sleep and behavior problems in 19 children with autism. The study results were based largely on parent reports.


Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy, by Hodgetts, S., and Hodgetts W., published in 2007, summarized Apr 11, 2008

Occupational therapists should look at the child with autism closely in order to make sure that the child is responding to the type of sensory integration therapy that is being used.

Most occupational therapists suggest that children with autism receive sensory integration therapy. Sensory integration therapy can include massage therapy, weighted vests, pressure arm wrappings, and many other things. This paper reviews the scientific studies on sensory integration therapy for autism. The authors found that it was hard for studies to be certain that the sensory integration therapy caused the changes in the child. They also note that autism can vary so much from child to child that it is hard to compare between children. Because of these problems with studies, the use of sensory integration therapy is not really based on scientific data.


BMC Pediatrics, by Rossignol, DA, Rossignol LW, James SJ, Melnyk S., and Mumper E., published in 2007, summarized Mar 31, 2008

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) appears to be safe and may improve symptoms of autism.

This study was designed to see if HBOT had an effect on blood work or behavior of children with autism. The study used low hyperbaric pressure (1.5 atm and 100% oxygen or 1.3 atm and 24% oxygen). The therapy sessions were 45 minutes long, which is shorter than the 60 minutes often used for HBOT. The authors found that HBOT did not increase cell stress (intracellular oxidative stress). This is good because others studies have found that symptoms of autism get worse when there are signs of cell stress.


Adam Welker’s 8-year-old brother has autism so he was able to serve as the quality control guru for the hug machine that Adam built. Temple Grandin developed the concept of the hug machine, which applies pressure that seems to help with children’s emotions as they go from one to another. A retail-priced hug machine would cost several thousand dollars, but Adam was able to build his for around $300. As his Eagle Scout project, Adam learned to lead a team and use power tools; his mom said it brought the whole family together. Adam donated the hug machine to Bear Creek Services.

Read original article: Local Boy Donates "Hug Machine"


This article focuses on a new study using the drug propranolol to help increase social skills and language in people with autism. Propranolol is typically used to treat high blood pressure, control heart rate, and reduce test anxiety. Dr. David Beversdorf, MU Thompson Center for Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, and his group are the first to study the potential benefits of this drug on autism in a controlled manner. They believe the drug acts on the brains of people with autism to assist in language and communication. In earlier studies, researchers discovered that propranolol helped with word unscrambling and word fluency. In follow-up studies, Beversdorf hopes to be able to discover who with autism will respond favorably to the drug.

Read original article: Promising Drug Treatment for Improving Language, Social Function in People with Autism


Since the times of ancient Egyptians and Hippocrates (over 2,400 years ago), there has been much to recommend aquatic therapy (or swim therapy). This form of physical therapy takes place in water and is a low impact activity. Recent research with children with autism has shown “substantial increases in attention, muscle strength and balance, as well as the ability to tolerate touch and to initiate and maintain eye contact.” Another study followed kids with autism who used swim therapy for over 10 years and found they had increased movement, family interaction, and were better able to handle sensory issues. Lisa Koo, OTR/L at Bergen Pediatric Therapy Center explains water therapy is unique because of buoyancy, water pressure, reduced force on joints, and increased body awareness.

Read original article: Aquatic Therapy


Nana Kojo, father of a son with autism, and 13 others created the Autism Foundation of Ghana to help support children with autism. Currently there is one school in Ghana, Autism Awareness, Care, and Training Centre, that specializes in care and therapy for kids with autism. Kojo and others would like to see a special education teacher provided for every school in Ghana, but there currently are not funds for this. Part the lack of money is because of lack of awareness of autism in the country. Steven Adu, the Director of Ghana Education Service’s Basic Education Division, explains, “that awareness is important if autistic children are going to get the help they need. The more people know about autism, the more they’ll pressure their MPs to provide funding my department needs to give autistic children special care.”

Read original article: Autism in Ghana: A Parent's Perspective



Please comment on this autism topic.

Responding to weighted vest

Mar 1, 2011 by Anonymous

When my boy was in preschool we found a "cool" vest that was made out of a heavy fabric. We attached things to it to give it the heavy weight. (He needed it very heavy!) We used clips to attached a water bottle on one side and a little electronic toy he liked on the other side.

 

When he didn't have the weighted vest and was having a really hard time, I found that putting pressure on both shoulders was very calming for him. For example, when I picked him up from preschool, if he was "flappy", I would say hello while pressing down about 5 lbs worth of pressure on each shoulder. That's a lot of weight for little shoulders, but wow, his face lit up! It was what he needed. =)


Responding to neurofeedback

Feb 2, 2011 by Monkey's Mom

    We have been using neuro feedback for our 9 year old daughter for about 5 months at this point.  We also use chiropractic re-adjustments twice weekly to alleviate the pain and pressure on her spine as well as allowing the nerves to communicate properly.  She now after almost four years is able to recognize pain and say it is pain instead of acting out.  She has a combination of problems, along with ASD, she was severley abused and neglected prior to being placed with us as a foster child.  She has probably had some in utero chemical exposure, although that was denied prior to adoption and she was born to teenage parents with a familial history of mental illness.  She has been out of that environment for almost four years now and is adjusting very well. 


     The good news is I was able to take her to an unfamiliar major urban area, we live in the country, for a two day group tour.  She was able to manage the subway, museums, city noise, a large hotel, the holidays and a very busy schedule for the entire two days without any tantrums, outbursts or behavioral issues for the entire two days and on the train ride to and from.  She has also not been in the "quiet room" this year at school either. 


     We at this point are attempting to decrease some of her meds.  It has been a little hit and miss trying to get the correct frequency and locations when we are trying to correct or address specific behaviors.  When the doctor places the electrode on an area that he knows on other children will treat obsessive behaviors, it activate her frontal lobe and she becomes alomst manic prior to and after her meds wear off. 


It takes really knowing your child and a good relationship with the provider as well as working very closely with her school contacts and teachers.  Communication is key if this is going to work at all.  If we don't communicate she doesn't get the treatment she needs and it may take several weeks to get back where she was before something was changed.


     So as a parent I feel it is truly worth everything it takes to get this accomplished.  Just be prepared for things to happen you didn't expect, either good or bad and find a provider that is willing to re-adjust a treatment when something goes wrong.  Be patient as you may initially see results for only a few days at a time.  Then understand that not every child is "wired" the same and until their is a good relationship between client and provider and an understanding of what does and doesn't work it will, be experimental for a little while.        


I'm on-board...by myself

Jan 23, 2009 by dankohn

Winter stinks. I'm serious. I've had it up to here, literally, with the snow. And I can't stand the cold. The older I get, the harder it is for me to just breathe outside in sub-zero temperatures. The Norman Rockwell imagery is only enticing up to and including Christmas. After that, those images get old. As winter goes on, they become a source of contempt and scorn. My sister lives in California and she laughs and laughs when she says, "Gee, it sure is cold here. It got down to fifty degrees overnight!"

Strangely enough, the cold weather seems to affect the kids not at all. Last week, the kids had an unexpected five-day weekend. School was cancelled Thursday, Friday and Martin Luther King Jr. Day was Monday. A nice little mini-break during which we had NOTHING to do because we couldn't leave the house. Actually, the car did start on Thursday so I took the kids to Target. We wandered aimlessly before picking up Jonathan's blood pressure medications and then one of the wisest, most useful purchases I've ever made: a heated mattress pad. It's wonderful. It's like slipping into a hot tub in bed at night. I can't stand sheets made from anything other than at least 250 thread-count cotton, so flannel sheets are out. I need smooth, but the cotton ones get so cold. Ha - not anymore. Thanks for the gift card, Aunt Sally! We used it well.

Speaking of beds, Thomas is still playing musical beds at night. He is getting better, though. He will come in every other night or so. This morning, he did wait until after Jonathan got up for work to come into our bed. That's our little rule; they can't come in until Daddy gets up for work. Hayley disregards this rule entirely. She usually comes in around 1 a.m. (I think...) but she's such a good snuggler. If I'm still up when she comes in, I send her back to her bed. Lately, since we've been using this heated mattress pad, if I've got mine on (there are separate controls for each side of the bed) and Hayley's snuggled up against me, I wake up soaked with my own, and also some of Hayley's, sweat.

Thomas has been doing really well in school. Last Tuesday when I was in class, the teacher had each of the kids take a dry-erase board and a marker and sit on the floor and practice writing words. This seemed like something we could do at home, so I took a huge dry-erase board from an easel that nobody uses, cut it in half with a jigsaw, and now Thomas and I spend a few minutes every day writing what his teacher calls "popcorn" words; words that come up in conversation a lot. Words like can, today, we, him, she, it, etc. I also pick a really simple book from our shelf and try to get him to sound out words with me. Most of the time he is very reluctant and complains and whines about it. The fact is that he simply does not like to read or write. He might like to read if he learned how, but I don't think that writing will ever be his favorite thing to do. Hayley loves to do it mostly because she lives for praise from grown-ups. Thomas gets shy and anxious when Jonathan and I praise him for his efforts. We try to keep that kind of thing to a minimum, just saying, "Good, okay, what's the next word?" If we don't jump up and down and clap our hands and shout, he's okay. Hayley loves the jumping and clapping.

Today Thomas saw the occupational therapist. She came out to talk to me while the kids were getting their coats on. She mentioned how much improved Thomas is at writing his name. When we try to write it at home, Thomas makes such big letters or he starts writing in a spot that doesn't give him enough room to finish his whole name. The OT gave him a very long strip of paper today, so he was able to fit all the letters on it. He sometimes makes the letter "s" backwards, but she told me that they don't get concerned about that until second grade. He also needs to work on his lower-case "h" and "n" since they look very similar. Other than that, she said he's doing really well and she's noticed an improvement. Something I forgot to ask her was if she's noticed Thomas needing a lot more OT since after winter break, which has always been a hard time for him. Nobody has said anything and the extra OT minutes are built into his schedule this time of year, so if he needs it, he's getting it.

So far, we haven't noticed any side-effects from the Strattera. I don't know if it's really doing anything for him, but that's what we said about the Focalin until we took him off of it. It had been making a tremendous difference...along with a disconcerting facial tic. Jonathan works with a woman whose boyfriend's son is autistic with symptoms of ADHD. She said that this young man had developed an extremely pronounced facial tic while taking Ritalin or Focalin or something...one of the stimulants, anyway. She said that he was switched to Strattera too and hasn't had any tic problems and the medication seems to work for him. Thomas has been taking it for just over two weeks. The doctor said it needs to ramp up in his system for about four weeks before we might notice a difference, so I'm counting the days. I'm also supposed to call her around February 7 to let her know how things are going. She may decide to raise the dose from 10 mg to 18 mg. The lower dose of Focalin didn't produce a facial tic, but the higher one did. We'll see. At least we don't get bored, having to constantly observe our child for signs of one of the millions of side-effects of these meds.

I had the chance to speak to an old college friend of mine that I got in touch with on Facebook earlier this month. It just so happens that his own son was diagnosed with autism as well. He and his wife are 100% sure it was the 18 month MMR shot because he had been doing fine; meeting milestones and developing normally until he had that shot. He lost all of his words over the course of the week following the shot and was a completely different kid one week after the shot. I know that there are a lot of people out there who have dismissed vaccines as a cause of autism (mostly doctors and drug companies, no?), but it's stories like this one from my friend that really make me wonder.

I'm starting to think that autism is not caused by one thing only. I think that vaccines could cause it, but I don't think that Thomas' autism was caused by a shot. He never "lost" words; he just never had any words to lose until he started speech therapy. I really wonder a lot about the flu shot I had in my third trimester with Thomas; my doctor told me to get one, so I did. I wonder if something funky happened with that. The other possibility is that Jonathan was working on a job site during the time Thomas was conceived and while I was pregnant. This site was known to have heavy metals in the soil and Jonathan had to have blood tests before he started working there and after he finished the job to make sure he wasn't poisoned. I don't know if that kind of thing can get into sperm; it would seem that if it did, the sperm would be incapacitated and therefore unable to do its genetic job. Who knows? I'm not a doctor. But I do wonder if Jonathan went to work, put his dirty (heavy metals-laden) jeans and socks in the laundry basket, and then I handled those clothes, shaking them out occasionally and probably releasing all kinds of toxins in the air that I must have inhaled. It's my best guess at this point.

My friend with the autistic son pretty much considers his boy "recovered" due to their strict gluten and casein-free (GFCF) diet. I've really been wondering if we should try it. Of course, this is no time to be spending hundreds more per month on groceries, but I do wonder if Thomas would benefit from it. Jonathan does not want to do it, but purely for selfish reasons, I think. If one person in the house is GFCF, the whole family has to be. I must admit, it would be hard for us; I myself am a bread and pasta junkie, but if Thomas could "recover," my God - how could we not do it? I'm going to check out my buddy's wife's website, gfcfdoneeasy.com, and see if it really can be done easily. For as hard as it would be on Jonathan and I (I don't think Hayley would care much; she never eats that much anyway), it would hands-down be hardest on Thomas. I'll have to think about it a lot more, but I'm really beginning to think we should try it. If it doesn't work, it doesn't work and we can go back to our usual eating habits. But what if it does work? I've heard different statistics about it, saying that anywhere from 60% to 80% of autistic or special-needs kids benefit in some way from a GFCF diet.

The problem is, we all have to be on-board. Right now, I'm on this little board all by myself.


Letter-perfect

Dec 14, 2007 by Anonymous

            Christmas excitement has reached a fever pitch in our house.  Thomas is still vying for the “car to drive.”  We’ve decided we’ll have to get him some kind of ride-on toy with a steering wheel.  He’s been nuts about the steering wheel concept lately.  The old handlebars on his Diego tricycle just aren’t cutting it anymore in terms of keeping Thomas’ interest.

            Jonathan and I will hit the malls tonight and tomorrow to get all of our Christmas shopping done.  My mother-in-law is taking the kids for us so we can focus.  Sunday we’re taking them to see Santa Claus, who is not so scary this year.  We’ve been talking and talking about it, but I’m very interested to see what will actually happen when we get to the mall.  I hope we get the “good” Santa.  At a mall near our house, they have a “good” Santa with a real beard and a jolly appearance.  Unfortunately, when he’s on break they bring in the skinny, pimply-faced Santa with the fake beard and lense-less spectacles.  When Thomas was two and Hayley was a baby, we got the skinny Santa.  We don’t have that picture on display.  We’re on a crusade for an authentic-looking Santa.

            Last weekend was our big party weekend, but the kids only had to go to one:  their cousin’s first birthday party on Saturday.  Thomas loves his aunt and uncle’s house because it has stairs (he curses the day that Jonathan and I were foolish enough to purchase this ranch-style abomination with no stairs – he routinely tells us that he wants a new house with stairs.  Me too!  Ask Santa for that!) so he spent most of the time at the party going up and down, up and down.  That’s fine with me; it’s good exercise for him and keeps him busy.  He did get a little over-stimulated at one point so I put him on the couch and rolled pillows on him.  It’s so funny how Thomas can be jumping around, running absolutely amok and making trouble, but when I starting doing some deep-pressure exercises, he calms right down and gets quieter.  It’s always easy to spot when Thomas is in need of occupational help but I want to get better at recognizing it before he starts going nuts so that we can possibly avoid the whole running amok thing.  He’s not usually disruptive, but people start getting concerned when his face is flushed and he seems completely out of control.  Plus, most other kids and all grown-ups get exhausted just watching him.

            The great thing about Christmas Eve, Christmas Day and Thomas’ birthday party are that the kids get new toys to keep them busy.  Jonathan and I can usually relax a little bit (after we’ve sliced up our arms and hands undoing millions of little twist-ties in an attempt to free Polly Pocket or Lightning McQueen from their cardboard prisons) and “take some wine” as my college drama teacher used to say.  Nothing says “holiday” like bleeding hands, mountains of unnecessary packaging materials and a big box of wine.

            Next Friday will be the Holiday Sing at Thomas’ school and he’s been singing the songs at home, most of which I’ve never heard.  One is about candy canes, “Oh I took a lick from a peppermint stick and thought it tasted yummy; it used to hang on the Christmas tree but now it’s in my tummy!”  Another one is about a chubby little snowman.  I’m so impressed that Thomas can remember these songs; he really is memorizing and regurgitating on command which is so cool!

            Thomas has acquired another talent that I didn’t notice until recently:  he can recognize a lot of letters!  Last year for Christmas, Santa brought Thomas and Hayley the LeapFrog Word Whammer which sticks to your fridge and comes with letters.  You can build three-letter words with it, just explore single letters or make the words that the machine asks to you make.  Thomas will play with it appropriately, finding the letters that the thing asks for.  The other day I was cooking and Thomas was sitting on the floor playing with the Word Whammer.  It asked him to find the letters to make the word “pin.”  He found the “I” and the “N” without any help but finally asked for me to help him find the letter “P”.  (I should mention that the machine tells you the letters to find; Thomas didn’t hear the word “pin” and know how it’s spelled.)  I was surprised when I looked at the machine and thought that maybe it was possible that the “I” and the “N” were already there when he turned the Word Whammer on, but he kept finding the right letters over and over again!  At the beginning of the school year, the teachers always ask what parents would like their kids to learn this year and I’ve been saying that I’d like Thomas to recognize more numbers and letters.  Thomas has obviously been working hard and so have his teachers.  It’s amazing to think that he’s not too far away from learning to read.  I’ve been trying to help him sound out words but he loses interest quickly.  I’m sure it will come.  If he can recognize letters, he can surely learn to read – and soon.

 



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